Throughout late 2023, numerous publicly traded cannabis multistate operators (MSOs) began withdrawing from regulated markets, primarily due to escalating costs, hefty taxation, and sluggish federal policy reform.
For example, The Cannabist Co., based in New York and led by CEO David Hart, withdrew after facing a difficult year. At the same time, Trulieve Cannabis Corp. of Florida reduced its operations in Massachusetts.
Several firms may have overreached in their expansion efforts or tried to penetrate an excessive number of markets, each with its own set of regulations. Given the industry’s infancy and current federal illegality, market navigation poses significant challenges.
“Wild West” Nature of the Cannabis Industry
Described by Matt Karnes, the founder of New York’s GreenWave Advisors, as akin to the Wild West, the cannabis industry’s unpredictability is notable. Curaleaf, for instance, has pulled out of both established markets like California, Colorado, and Oregon, as well as burgeoning ones such as Arkansas, Vermont, and Kentucky, where it was involved in hemp cultivation.
Massachusetts Experiencing Price Drops and Oversupply
In Massachusetts, cannabis prices have seen a significant drop of about 25% over the past year, mainly due to an oversupply, with current prices hovering around $1,400 per pound, as per Leaflink’s data. Avis Bulbulyan, CEO of California’s Siva Enterprises, observed that many MSOs are yet to pinpoint their main business avenues or develop sufficient variety to compete with smaller entities and the illegal market.
Focusing on Emerging European Markets
Curaleaf, through its Northern Green Supply division in Canada, is now focusing on the import and export of cannabis products to burgeoning European markets. Karnes of GreenWave Advisors believes that despite the nascent stage of international cannabis market opportunities, investing in them could be prudent, given the uncertainties in U.S. regulation.
Challenges Faced by Publicly Traded Marijuana MSOs
Publicly traded marijuana MSOs face considerable challenges operating under slowly evolving federal laws and guidelines. These obstacles, compounded by high taxes and increased capital expenditures, have led to numerous businesses exiting regulated markets. While they contend with competition from smaller companies and the illegal market, it might be some time before they can find their footing in the cannabis sector.
A Constantly Evolving Market Environment
As the cannabis market landscape is continuously shifting, growth and expansion opportunities emerge alongside these challenges. Companies that can effectively navigate the varying regulations in different areas stand to potentially benefit greatly once the industry matures.
The Future for Marijuana MSOs
Despite challenges like steep taxes, rising costs, and rigorous regulations, some marijuana MSOs are looking towards new business directions, focusing particularly on emerging European markets. Success in these areas, however, depends on overcoming unique challenges and adapting to a rapidly changing legal framework.
While the future is uncertain for publicly traded marijuana multistate operators exiting U.S. regulated markets, those who can adapt their business strategies to new challenges may still find success. Exploring markets like Europe could be rewarding, but until federal legislation aligns with the evolving cannabis culture, the industry will likely continue to be marked by volatility and unpredictability.
Rita Ferreira
Rita is a seasoned writer with over five years of experience, having worked with globally renowned platforms, including Forbes and Miister CBD. Her deep knowledge of hemp-related businesses and passion for delivering accurate and concise information distinguish her in the industry. Rita's contributions empower individuals and companies to navigate the complexities of the cannabis world, and her work remains a valuable resource for those seeking a deeper understanding of its potential.
